Chapter 08

被动语态

第八章 · 先理解规则,再通过例句把语法变成可使用的表达能力。

被动语态用于强调动作的承受者,而不是动作发出者。

基本形式:

be + 过去分词

例句:

The window was broken.
窗户被打破了。

English is spoken in many countries.
许多国家都说英语。

主动变被动:

主动:Tom wrote the letter.
被动:The letter was written by Tom.

8.1 各时态的被动形式

时态被动形式例句
一般现在时am/is/are doneThe room is cleaned every day.
一般过去时was/were doneThe room was cleaned yesterday.
一般将来时will be doneThe room will be cleaned tomorrow.
现在进行时am/is/are being doneThe room is being cleaned now.
过去进行时was/were being doneThe room was being cleaned then.
现在完成时have/has been doneThe room has been cleaned.
过去完成时had been doneThe room had been cleaned before we arrived.
情态动词modal + be doneThe work must be finished today.

8.2 什么时候用被动语态

  1. 不知道动作发出者。
My bike was stolen.
我的自行车被偷了。
  1. 动作发出者不重要。
The meeting was held yesterday.
会议昨天举行了。
  1. 强调动作承受者。
This bridge was built in 1998.
这座桥建于 1998 年。
  1. 学术或正式写作中保持客观。
The data were collected from 200 participants.
数据来自 200 名参与者。

8.3 常见错误

错误:The book was wrote by him.
正确:The book was written by him.

被动语态必须使用过去分词。

错误:The problem is solve.
正确:The problem is solved.